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#benasque

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Marek Gluza

We need #trainTraining to build a long term #habit necessary to slash #pollution with climate changing #emissions.

Some people point out that trains still may have dirty emissions.
Here some reasons how going from #Warsaw to #Barcelona and back by train has been meaningful #now:

- 4 weeks of 2 #researchMeetings #benasque and #qtd23 gave me around 25 new contacts and had a lower #networking output per week than interpolating by train between these two destinations which resulted in 25 contacts gained in 2 weeks (#Cracow, #Vienna, #Innsbruck, #Milan, #Lyon, #Lausanne, #Zurrich, #Berlin).

- I was optimising meeting scientists outside of my bubble and find that encounters at thematic conferences tend to be less creative.

- If you fly, you fly in and out. By train you stay longer at a given institute, might travel through a node with a colleague etc. You give yourself a chance to experience more. That is the point of a #researchTravel and is better facilitated by train.

- I recommend to interpolate with up to 6 hour nodes to mitigate delays, departing after the uni visit. This pushed me to find productive stops. I dared to write to intimidatingly strong researchers and it worked.

- I talked to group members I didn't anticipate because I had a rhythm of travel and not just rushing back home. Train stations are centrally located so less hassle getting to the institutes than from airports outside of the city.

- I could double up meetings on the way back that were particularly productive on the way. Neither would happen by plane.

- I had more flexibility than when flying.

- On trains my mind could work, on a plane I waste time.

(1/more): e.g. saying city hopping opens doors😄, #interrail 🤙etc. 🫰

This picture is an allegory of the vision of where enough train training can bring our society, ideally just clear ahead, swooshing towards the horizon. Right now the possibility is largely empty, as in people choose to fly by planes while a minute thought could often allow to avoid using an aircraft. Not shown in the picture to the left is the magnificent, beautifully restored, building of the main train station in Bielsko-Biała, I'll post it maybe another time.
On the way north from Vienna towards Poland by train. These are some industrial sights in Czech Republic close to the Polish border. This is where we are, we burn things. Industrialized 'farting under the blanket' can be slashed but we also have the freedom to transform our way of living. In fact Czech Republic has fantastic train connections and locals frequent trains habitually. By going by train I had a fantastic experience, made me feel inspired about my vocation. The future can be fun 😁😊😊
My nephew is eager to use all sorts of locomotion, not only cars which are admittedly his favorite 😅😄😂
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Marek Gluza

Here's an #introduction of @frederikhahn as part of my agenda that #nice should be a characteristic demanded of academics.

In the past few years Freddy has been gently cracking his head on how to remove bottlenecks in a #quantumNetwork. He focused on relevant #quantum states and tweaked their parts like he tweaks parts in his bike to make it run seamlessly
arxiv.org/abs/1805.04559
(Local complementations interest me for #quantumCompiling: the unitary encoding the repetition code can be turned into a gate between any two qubits because one can distill Bell pairs out of #GHZ states.)

Rick came from Berlin to the #quantumInformation #workshop in #benasque by train. His tap water canister was half empty: he realized that meh whatev he can travel half Europe and not eat if the food is not what he wants provided he has water to last him even more than 24 hs.

Frederik is a scientist who leads by example, is sustainably concerned about the #climateCrisis but look at him shining. His #intermittentFasting skills allowed him to be chilled after a strainous long distance travel but I learn from him that being nice and chilled is a muscle we can all train.

His integrity at work reminds me that it's not impossible to keep our humanity first and also excell at research. I wish we had an equivalent of #citationMetrics for acts of kindness in academia.

These photos were taken on a Friday, on Monday that week he defended his thesis. In style, which is his style. For his #phd hat I'd add a phone charger, his daily cycling suffices to top up the battery. I don't know how to symbolize my thanks for having made my local science world wholesome, one #introvert thought at a time, but: thank you for caring, Dr Hahn!

The usual nice person, casually smiling after a long travel. It's possible, people, he does it! :)
Wildly healthy, richly diverse, naturally sound. That's the way to go!
Congratulations Dr Hahn 🎉🎉🎉🎉👏👏👏👏
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Marek Gluza

Overheard in #benasque: a renowned professor started a discussion by presenting their badge which made the student feel offended because they felt invalidated as if they weren't competent enough to know who that is.

"...and then showed me the badge...", "...pfff, like I don't know who that is..."

My point for paraphrasing the actual situation: presenting your badge visibly is a good practice.

Actually the student was 'outraged' more about the gap between the encountered humility which contrasts with the usual vibe. Presenting the badge can boost inclusivity.

For people who's fame precedes them, it's hard to not let the interaction dynamics be hijacked by presumptions of there being a separation as opposed to connection.

We all know this situation where we dare to discuss with someone seeming a giant because of some awesome paper and the conclusion of the chat is more "hey they're nice". But then we wasted the opportunity to focus on merit because of our own belief leading to insecurity and hesitation. Both sides can be aware of this happening.

For context, many renowned people in #science end up projecting an aura that people should be aware of who they are. When I overheard it, it's been a first for me too to hear about somebody known for their foundational contributions to show their badge instead.

#Conference badges have their useful role for building new connections.

Just in case you want the information, here's an entangled two qutrit state with a positive partial transpose
arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9703004

The ecosystem in Benasque is healthy. Youthful plants grow abundantly around majestic rocks. On steeper slopes, you often find thyme bushes growing only on one side of a rock. On the side where the rock could roll over: But what seems to end up happening is the plant roots the rock in place and prevents it from crashing into pieces at the bottom of the mountain and the rock protects the seedlings from wind gusts and at times scorching sun. Symbiotic supervision?
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Marek Gluza

Adrián Pérez-Salinas coordinated a #benasque session on variational #quantum algorithms. Here's the story what I think I learned :)

People now say various things about the state of the field.
It was clear to me from the very beginning that there will be trainability issues and you can verify it because I haven't written a single paper involving brute force training of circuits.

But.

While, I have been avoiding reading papers on VQAs (until I needed to cite variational diagonalization in context of my proposal to use double-bracket flows for diagonalization on quantum computers), now that the field has reached a milestone, here's a few insights I really like and claim will matter down the line:
- statements about #barrenPlateaus are quantitative
- appearance of barren plateaus is implied by presence of #t-design properties arxiv.org/abs/2101.02138
- plateaus result from high dimensionality of the training parameter set.

To paraphrase grandmaster Bronstein, it's not about what but how.
We now know very, very well how VQAs go wrong. Early on it was only clear what the problem will be.

Each of the points above can guide better #ansatzae:
- they need to operate on clumped circuits to reduce the dimensionality
- they shouldn't rotate back and forth but use physics equations to guide the #quantumCompiling
- a restricted ansatz with justified expressibility can be quantitatively tested using the average+variance criteria of regular barren plateaus.

What the field achieved is to inform a large group of people how to recognize what a good variational ansatz will be once we will encounter it.

And that it will not be naive? Come on, easy would have been boring.

Elies Gil-Fuster explained that parametric gradients are a variant of the previous problem where large sample size are needed, only instead of a small time expansion, one uses a constant sized time, so that the timing doesn't contribute to the scaling.
Adrian coordinated the session and gave an overview of what is on the blackboards around the world, e.g. what optimization schemes are available.
T-designs tell us stuff. Can we train? Can we express? Ask a t-design!
Sometimes mushrooms grow like mushrooms and sometimes a rare mushroom will come to our attention. I noted one just here.
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Marek Gluza

@deilann
Bouncing back on the subject, I took Artin's #GaloisTheory with me to #Benasque and I think on page 25 there is a complete discussion. As you said any #algebraicNumber, defined as a root of a real polynomial, can be seen as a root of a unique polynomial of lowest degree which is irreducible, i.e. not divisible by any other poly omial with coefficients in the base field.

The coefficient of the highest power needs to be 1, one should divide the contending polynomials by each other and evaluate at the shared root showing that, having the same degree, they have 0 polynomial ring division remainder so must be the same.

Page 25 from Artin's book on Galois Theory describing how an algebraic number arises from a unique polynomial among all normalized so that the coefficient of the highest constituent power is equal to 1. I enjoyed reading it in the mountains so yeah some of the mountains in the background 😁
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Marek Gluza

@markusheinrich explained #math to me in #benasque how the twirl over a real adjoint representation instead of a complex one plays out in relation to #SchursLemma. The #commutatant needs to be a #divisionRing and there's only one over the complex numbers, the complex numbers. Over real numbers there are two more possibilities, real numbers and quaternions. Something called the Frobenius indicator is a way to know what will be the #rank of the projector appearing in the result of the twirl for a given #irrep.

In Benasque we have blackboards outside the conference center and today was the first day with weather decent enough to work outside. The blackboard contains the tutorial, additionally making explicit that irreps over real and complex numbers are not the same and can have differing multiplicities.
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Marek Gluza

arxiv.org/abs/2101.12223

I'm city hopping by #train from Warsaw to #Benasque and yesterday I met Oli Reardon-Smith in Kraków, here a paper with Hakop, Kamil and Stephen
arxiv.org/abs/2101.12223
I learned about an innovation in that they use part of samples to estimate certain parameters needed for a large deviation bound. It's like #Hoefding's inequality on wheels.

I know of the #BCa (biased corrected accelerated) #bootstrap method for assigning confidence intervals to #statistical estimations. Here a round of resampling is used to estimate two parameters to correct bias and accelerate sample efficiency in pinning down the accurate confidence interval.

What are other methods where you sample to get information about what to sample subsequently?

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