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#QuantumCommunication

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interesting paper from Kitagawa et al. - the proposed scheme guarantees message secrecy even with adversarially tampered quantum public keys and unauthenticated quantum channels

📝 Quantum Public-Key Encryption with Tamper-Resilient Public Keys from One-Way Functions
🔗 arxiv.org/abs/2304.01800
🏷️ #quantum #QuantumCommunication

arXiv.orgQuantum Public-Key Encryption with Tamper-Resilient Public Keys from One-Way FunctionsWe construct quantum public-key encryption from one-way functions. In our construction, public keys are quantum, but ciphertexts are classical. Quantum public-key encryption from one-way functions (or weaker primitives such as pseudorandom function-like states) are also proposed in some recent works [Morimae-Yamakawa, eprint:2022/1336; Coladangelo, eprint:2023/282; Grilo-Sattath-Vu, eprint:2023/345; Barooti-Malavolta-Walter, eprint:2023/306]. However, they have a huge drawback: they are secure only when quantum public keys can be transmitted to the sender (who runs the encryption algorithm) without being tampered with by the adversary, which seems to require unsatisfactory physical setup assumptions such as secure quantum channels. Our construction is free from such a drawback: it guarantees the secrecy of the encrypted messages even if we assume only unauthenticated quantum channels. Thus, the encryption is done with adversarially tampered quantum public keys. Our construction based only on one-way functions is the first quantum public-key encryption that achieves the goal of classical public-key encryption, namely, to establish secure communication over insecure channels.

interesting paper on #arxiv yesterday - "One-Time Universal Hashing Quantum Digital Signatures without Perfect Keys"
🔗 arxiv.org/abs/2301.01132
🏷️ #QuantumComputing #quantum #QuantumCommunication

arXiv.orgOne-Time Universal Hashing Quantum Digital Signatures without Perfect KeysQuantum digital signatures (QDS), generating correlated bit strings among three remote parties for signatures through quantum law, can guarantee non-repudiation, authenticity and integrity of messages. Recently, one-time universal hashing QDS framework, exploiting the quantum asymmetric encryption and universal hash functions, was proposed to significantly improve the signature rate and ensure unconditional security by directly signing the hash value of long messages. However, similar to quantum key distribution, this framework utilizes keys with perfect secrecy via performing privacy amplification that introduces huge matrix operations, thus consuming large computational resources, causing time delays and increasing failure probability. Here, we prove that, different from private communication, imperfect quantum keys with limited information leakage can be used for digital signatures and authentication without compromising the security while having eight orders of magnitude improvement on signature rate for signing a megabit message compared with conventional single-bit schemes. Our work significantly reduces the time delay for data postprocessing and is compatible with any quantum key generation protocols. In our simulation, taking two-photon twin-field key generation protocol as an example, QDS can be practically implemented over a fiber distance of 600 km between the signer and receiver. Our work for the first time offers a cryptographic application of quantum keys with imperfect secrecy and paves a way for the practical and agile implementation of digital signatures in a future quantum network.