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Javier Basulto<p><span class="h-card"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/linguistics" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">@<span>linguistics</span></a></span> <span class="h-card"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/languagelovers" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">@<span>languagelovers</span></a></span> </p><p><a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/IndigenousLanguages" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>IndigenousLanguages</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/MexicanLanguages" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>MexicanLanguages</span></a></p><p>Many indigenous <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Mexican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Mexican</span></a> languages use the so-called “numeral classifiers” - similar to those existing in Mandarin Chinese and Japanese - which convey the form, position or nature of the counted object. The chart below shows some of the (still) used numeral classifiers in <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Yucatec" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Yucatec</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/MayaLanguage" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>MayaLanguage</span></a>, although many of them are often replaced by two general markers: “túul” for animate nouns and “p’éel” for inanimate objects.</p>
Javier Basulto<p><span class="h-card"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/linguistics" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">@<span>linguistics</span></a></span> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Mexicanlanguages" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Mexicanlanguages</span></a> </p><p>Many <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Mexican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Mexican</span></a> languages are <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/tonal" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>tonal</span></a> (particularly the <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Otomanguean" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Otomanguean</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/languages" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>languages</span></a> of the State of <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Oaxaca" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Oaxaca</span></a> and Central <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Mexico" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Mexico</span></a>). Out of 32 different <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Maya" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Maya</span></a> languages, only 3 or 4 have developed tone as a fixed characteristic, the most prominent one being <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Yucatec" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Yucatec</span></a> Maya, spoken by 800,000 people in the <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Yucatan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Yucatan</span></a>&nbsp; Peninsula. Yucatec Maya has different vowel qualities (short, long, reaticulated and glottalized) but only long vowels are affected by tone as shown below:</p>
Javier Basulto<p><span class="h-card"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/linguistics" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">@<span>linguistics</span></a></span> <span class="h-card"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/languagelovers" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">@<span>languagelovers</span></a></span> </p><p>Comparison of <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/numbers" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>numbers</span></a> between <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Yucatec" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Yucatec</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Maya" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Maya</span></a> (Maaya t'aan) and <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Huastec" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Huastec</span></a> (Tének), spoken in North-Eastern Mexico. Huastec is the only Mayan language found outside the core Mayan region (South <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Mexico" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Mexico</span></a>, <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/YucatanPeninsula" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>YucatanPeninsula</span></a>, <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Guatemala" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Guatemala</span></a>, <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Belize" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Belize</span></a> &amp; <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Honduras" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Honduras</span></a>). Geographically speaking Huastec is more than 800 kms. away from its closest related <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/languages" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>languages</span></a>.</p><p><a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/idiomamaya" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>idiomamaya</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/indigenouslanguages" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>indigenouslanguages</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Mexicanlanguages" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Mexicanlanguages</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/huasteco" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>huasteco</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/mayayucateco" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>mayayucateco</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/linguistics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>linguistics</span></a></p>